Transportation Costs and Risk Exposure

Jun 02th, 2011, from The Wall Street Journal. HANOI—The State Bank of Vietnam has asked all state-owned firms to sell their foreign currency to banks beginning July 1, part of a plan outlined in February to eliminate the use of foreign money in the domestic market.

The central bank announced the directive Wednesday in a statement on its website. It didn’t provide details on the amount of foreign currency state-owned firms are believed to hold.    

The central bank also asked banks to raise their reserve ratio for foreign-currency deposits maturing in less than 12 months to 7%, from 6%. This will raise banks’ costs to absorb dollar deposits and should eventually force them to offer lower interest rates on such deposits, discouraging the public from holding dollars.

Hanoi-based bankers said the latest steps are in line with government efforts to boost the value of the local currency, the dong, and build Vietnam’s foreign-exchange reserves. On Thursday the central bank capped the interest rate offered on individuals’ dollar deposits at 2%—down from the 3% limit set in March—and lowered the cap for corporate accounts to 0.5% from 1%.

These steps come after the dong has lost more than 15% of its value against the U.S. dollar over the past two years. The central bank has devalued the currency four times but still has failed to stop the bleeding.

“Though the government has introduced various measures to control imports, monthly trade deficits have been rising fast so far this year, making the authorities come out with new steps to support the dong’s value and improve foreign reserves,” one executive at a commercial bank said.

According to Nguyen Hai Ha, an analyst with MBCapital, one of Vietnam’s largest fund management groups, the steps will help the central bank meet short-term targets on the reserves and the exchange rate.

In the long run, however, “the dollar is expected to rise because local reserves of the U.S. currency are thin, while trade deficits continue to rise,” the analyst said.

The central bank said companies will be able to buy back dollars later if they need them.

Vietnam’s trade deficit widened to $1.7 billion in May from $1.49 billion in April, its largest monthly deficit since December 2009, government figures showed.

The country’s trade deficit during the January-May period was $6.59 billion, compared with $5.46 billion deficit a year earlier.

Da Nang – one of the strategic economic centers of Vietnam’s central region

The Vietnam prime minister has established central region’s strategic economic center, including 05 provinces and cities: Thua Thien Hue, Da Nang, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai and Binh Dinh to promote potential, geographical location and competitive advantages and step by step develop this economic region to become one of the most dynamic economic region in the country. In particular, Da Nang is defined as the role of nuclear motivation for promoting the development of the central region and the highlands.

Da Nang – eastern gateway of east – west economic corridor (EWEC)      

EWEC is one of five economic corridor developed by the initiative of the Asia development bank in the greater Mekong sub – region.

Currently, the road system in Laos, Thailand and the road line from Da Nang to Savannakhet are completed. The second international bridge spanning the Mekong river was completed in the end of 2006 to facilitate the circulation of goods and passengers by road line from Da Nang to the northeastern provinces of Thailand and vice versa. East-west economic corridor not only provide an opportunity for the country on the path of promoting regional cooperation and improve living standards for the people but also enable businesses better access to the raw materials market services, capital, labor and technology with the purpose of creating favorable conditions for investment and trade across the border and diversifying economic activity and exports and promoting tourism development

Da Nang – entrance of the cultural heritage and natural wonders of the world

Da Nang is located in the heart of the “world heritage road”, stretching from the central coast of Vinh city to Da Lat city. From Da Nang, along the national highway 1A, visitors can access quickly and conveniently four of five world heritages in Vietnam, including Phong Nha – Ke Bang national park (about 300 km from the north of Da Nang), the ancient capital of Hue (about 100km from the north), Hoi An (about 30km from the southeast) and My Son (about 70 km from the southwest).

With the advantage of geographical location and potential economic development in tourism, Da Nang is an ideal destination for tourists as well as investors.

Infrastructure is step by step improved

Da Nang is an important traffic hub of the central – highlands and country with system of international airports, deep sea ports, roads, north-south railways developed conveniently.

Da Nang port is the third largest commercial ports in Vietnam after Saigon port and the port of Hai Phong. With a depth of 11m wharf, warehouse systems and equipment upgraded by capital funds of the government of Japan, Da Nang port can receive ships with a capacity of 45,000 dwt and others such as container ships, passenger ships, cargo ships. Da Nang is the international shipping route enabling to go to Hong Kong, Singapore, Japan, Taiwan and Korea.

Da Nang international airport is one of the three best airports in Vietnam. In addition to domestic flights, there are weekly international flights directly from Da Nang to Singapore, Bangkok, Taipei. In the near future, the airport will open more routes to Hong Kong, Japan and Korea. Da Nang international airport is currently being upgraded and expanded to meet the needs of increasing passengers and cargo.

The system of roads in and out of the city are constantly being expanded and newly constructed

Telecommunication systems: Da Nang is one of three major telecomunication centers of the country, international transmission speed with good quality of Southeast Asia. Da Nang post provides various and modern telecommunication services and be capable meeting the needs of customers.

The other services supporting investment (financial, banking, insurance …): most banks and finance companies of Vietnam have large branches in Da Nang. Some branches of foreign banks and international insurance companies are operating effectively in the city. These services have increasingly been improved better to meet the needs of investors.

Trained and abundant human resources

Da Nang has abundant human resources (over 50% of the population of the city), mostly young labor. Number of employees with technical expertise trained account nearly a quarter of the labor force. Labor costs in Da Nang are lower than some other cities in the country.

Da Nang is one of the provinces in the country with the high educational development index which create a favorable platform for the development of human resources of the city to perform the goal of improving the quality of human resources, quality of life. The city has about 14 universities, 15 colleges and professional schools with nearly 140,000 students. This system performs training in most areas of science, engineering, information technology, economics, business administration, language and pedagogy… Danang university also cooperates with universities of countries with an advanced education such as France, US, Japan, Australia, Canada, New Zealand …

Software technology center in Da Nang is one of the leading software producers in Vietnam and is the leading training center of the central region. Over the years, the software technology center has cooperated closely with companies of India (aptech) and Japan (aots) to train programmers, technicians and engineers reaching the international standard. Many IT company has chosen Da Nang to set up company in da nang to hold their talents for international projects.

In addition, the city also has about 55 vocational training centers which often provide short-term training courses in computer science, sewing, mechanics, electricity – electronics, construction techniques, etc …

Quality of life

Along with the process of urbanization, economic growth in recent years has helped to material life and spirit of the people of Da Nang continuously improved.

Unlike other large cities in Vietnam, next to the bustle of urban development, living in Da Nang always bring a sense of peace, comfort and closeness to nature. Da Nang is one of the very few cities in Vietnam having a harmonious combination between high mountains, deep forests, long beach, deep river. After work, you can easily find space to relax beside the river or on beautiful beaches.

Da Nang today is a city with a healthy cultural environment, with urban civilized lifestyle, literacy levels elevated, beautiful natural scenery. It can be said that Da Nang is an exciting place to live, work, travel and invest in Vietnam.

Vietnam has become a destination for Indonesian investors to set up business in Vietnam thanks to the ever-improving investment environment and the establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC).

At the Conference named “Vietnam – Indonesia: Strengthening trade cooperation in palm oil and paper industries” that was recently held in Hanoi, the Indonesian Ambassador in Vietnam said that many Indonesian businesses are exploring business and investment opportunities in Ha Noi, Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang and many other places in Vietnam.

Accordingly, more Indonesian investors will come to Vietnam in the coming time because Vietnam is a promising place for Indonesian investors to open their production bases thanks to AEC tariff reductions.

According to the Indonesian embassy, the Indonesian 12 largest palm oil exporters and 14 largest paper exporters are planning to expand their export markets to Vietnam and expecting to enter into joint ventures with local businesses to directly produce products in Vietnam.

In addition to calling for investment and cooperation in the palm oil and paper sectors, Vietnam has recently welcomed many Indonesian investors coming to Vietnam seeking investment opportunities and doing business successfully in the areas of animal feed, building materials, real estate…

Meanwhile, Indonesia’s capital flowing into Vietnam through mergers and acquisitions has been rising steadily, such as PT Semen Gresik – Indonesia’s largest cement company, has spent 230 million USD buying 70% of the shares in Thang Long Cement Company from Geleximco.

Indonesia’s second largest M&A deal in Vietnam is Salim Group spent 37 million USD to purchase 49% shares in Hiep Thanh Group – a trading, processing, aquaculture and export group of two agriculture strategic products that are rice and seafood.

It appears that Vingroup Incorporation is studying the US “Silicon Valley” model to implement VinTech City in Dong Anh (Hanoi). This is the first environment to help nurture the high tech to put into life.

With more than 70 hectares of land in Dong Anh, VinTech City will be fully equipped office buildings, computers and the internet for the companies to start up.    

With the target is become a technology corporation in the next 10 years, Vingroup has taken the first steps in this strategy. In particular, the commercial-service field is a financial backbone and provides an ecosystem that supports the research and commercialization of industrial-technology products. The industry segment including automobiles and smart electric- appliances will increase both in terms of production and consumption, towards export.

Technology will be the main driver, and there will be sufficient human resources and infrastructure to research the artificial intelligence, development of new materials and software production.

The plan is to gather high-profile scientists of science and technology as well as foreign experts combined with local researchers. CEO Vingroup said that the corporation has signed with more than 50 universities in the field of science and technology to prepare human resources of 100,000 engineers for the next 10 years.

Vietnam has become attractive to IT development center business ideas and it is expected it will continue to strongly supply high quality programmers to play important role in global IT business.

Vietnam has signed many Free Trade Agreements with many countries and regions around the world, which makes international economic exchange easier. However, the expansion of international trade also makes many businesses at risk when they encounter fraudulent customers in their business.

According to the Ministry of Industry and Trade, in 2020, the Trade and Embassy of Vietnam in the a number of countries continuously received invitations to sell, buy goods and sign commercial transaction contracts which have signs of fraud and scams.     

Despite many warnings and notices, but due to subjective psychology, high profits, limited foreign trade operations, lack of understanding of customers, difficulties due to epidemics, many businesses cannot directly meeting, checking goods,… using online transactions, which causes businesses to take advantage of fraudulent acts.

Some ways of commercial fraud activities such as: Unpaid delivery; Forging documents even bank papers to get goods; Set the person to get export documents; Using hackers to infiltrate the email addresses of two parties that are having transactions, track the progress of the negotiation, when the buyer prepares to transfer money to buy goods, hack the mailbox (or create an email account with the exact same address as the seller’s email) to send fraudulent account information. After the buyer transfers money to the fraudulent account, they will immediately withdraw the money and disappear; Using advantage of carelessness and unprofessionalism of domestic enterprises such as not asking a reputable inspection organization to check the goods before delivery, not verifying information about partner enterprises… to transfer goods with no value, not in accordance with the contract, or to notify the damaged or poor quality goods to pressure the price, deduct the debt or claim compensation …

Some signs of identifying fraudulent businesses which one should pay attention are: the price negotiation, the contract takes place easily, quickly, less bargaining, accepting high prices; Deposit to receive investment money; Do not provide or provide documents of many different legal entities; Opening L/C at a non-reputable bank in a third country; Business license is about to expire …

In order to avoid working with fraudulent partners, businesses need to improve their professional expertise, legal knowledge, and thoroughly understand their partners before making transactions, especially the new partner is dealing for the first time.

The current commodity prices could be updated through market information or on international commodity websites. Therefore, when there is a request for goods to be paid too high, or too low compared to the prices in the market, the enterprises need to pay close attention and carefully check their reliability.

It is also possible to reduce the risks through the professional service of local risks management in Vietnam for conducting of business due diligence, business license record checking, site visit survey, shareholders or directorship checking, criminal record certificate checking, business reputation verification, public reputation search, research for records of enterprises, research for the reputation of the company, …

In the international conference “Investing in Sustainable Urbanization” organized by Danang People’s Committee in collaboration with the regional network of local authorities on human capital management (CityNet), Da Nang has called for investment in 7 strategic projects.    

At the workshop, Danang People’s Committee announced the list of 7 projects calling for investment in the form of PPP (public-private partnership): Lien Chieu port; solid waste treatment complex; new railway station and integrated urban area; infrastructure development and technology for non-motorized transport solutions; Da Nang – Hoi An metro; smart city construction and industrial park construction projects.

In particular, the project of Lien Chieu port is calling for investment with the aim of becoming the main wharf of the international gateway to the Central region, accommodating ships up to 100,000 tons. The relocation and construction of Da Nang Railway Station calls for investors to pay attention and implement the project in the form of PPP, which might be through BOT contract.

Da Nang Integrated Urban Renovation Project has a total budget of more than 345 million USD (over 7,900 billion VND). Project on development of vehicles and application of smart traffic management system in the form of ODA or PPP with a total capital of about 3.300 billion VND. The project to build metro connecting Da Nang with Hoi An city (Quang Nam) with a length of 33 km, along the coastal road, this project needs funding from 7,000 to 14,000 billion VND.

According to the Vice Chairman of Danang People’s Committee, sustainable urban development is one of the priorities of the city. Da Nang has set the orientation and guidelines for sustainable development. Since 2014, the city has approved a smarter city plan with priority areas of transportation, water supply, sewerage, food safety and building better city connections. Hence, Da Nang calling for investment in 7 key projects to address sustainable issues related to transport, urban.

Mr Vijay Jagannathan, Secretary General, of CityNet said that the workshop “Investing in Sustainable Urbanization” in Da Nang is seeking financial investment in urban infrastructure in a sustainable manner, overall and resistant to climate change. He also emphasized that infrastructure is a major challenge for urbanization as demand grows. Urban communities depend largely on effective urban planning as well as access to affordable public services.